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The famous scientist Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, in the Kingdom of Württemberg in the German Empire, on March 14, 1879. He was born into a Jewish family, but he did not stick to any particular religion in his adult life. His parents were Hermann Einstein, a salesman and engineer, and Pauline Koch.

Einstein showed an early interest in mathematics and physics, which he began studying at an early age. He attended a Catholic elementary school from the age of five. At the age of eight, he was transferred to the Luitpold Gymnasium, where he received advanced primary and secondary school education until he left Germany seven years later.

In 1905, Einstein published four groundbreaking papers during his annus mirabilis (miracle year). These papers introduced the theory of special relativity, explained the photoelectric effect, and established the quantum theory of light. At that time, Einstein was working as a patent examiner at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern. In 1915, he completed his general theory of relativity, which is considered one of the most important achievements in the history of modern physics.

Einstein's contributions to theoretical physics made him famous worldwide. In 1921, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Throughout his life, Einstein continued to work on various scientific and political issues, and he was an outspoken advocate for civil rights, disarmament, and democratic socialism.

In 1933, Einstein emigrated to the United States due to the rise of the Nazi regime in Germany. He accepted a position at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, where he spent the rest of his life. During World War II, he played a crucial role in alerting President Franklin D. Roosevelt to the potential development of "extremely powerful bombs" that could be created from uranium. This eventually led to the establishment of the Manhattan Project and the development of the atomic bomb.

Einstein's work had a profound impact on the development of modern physics, and his name became synonymous with genius. He passed away on April 18, 1955, but his legacy continues to inspire new generations of scientists and thinkers.

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